1 Initial Corpus generation

1.1 Corpus Creation

Scopus download of documents retrieved from search string from Markard et al. (2012). Limited to LANGUAGE = ENGLISH AND TYPE = (ARTICLE).
Selecting “seed” publications. 1% most cited per year. Ex-post manual exclusion. Results in 53 seed papers
Retrieving for each seed 1000 publications with most shared references. Again, same limitations as in step 1.
Adittional ex. post filtering. First, based on citations recieved and connectivity in bibliographic coupling network. Namely, I excluded edges in the bottom 10% quantile of the weight distribution (Jaccard weighted), also unconnected and nodes in the bottom 10% of the degree distribution. Lastly,after the community detection exercise, I excluded nodes in communities of less than 500 members.

That leads to an overall corpus size of:

## Number of unique publications in the final corpus:  9063

1.2 Seed Paper

In the following, we more in detail investigate the seed papers.

1.2.1 List of all seed papers

NOTE: NEEDS BETTER FORMAT

## 
## Converting your scopus collection into a bibliographic dataframe
## 
## Done!
## 
## 
## Generating affiliation field tag AU_UN from C1:  Done!

NR	AU	PY	TI	J9	TC	TC_year
44	GEELS FW;SCHOT J	2007	TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS	RES POLICY	1841	141.61538
52	GEELS FW	2002	TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A M…	RES POLICY	2345	130.27778
25	MARKARD J;RAVEN R;TRUF…	2012	SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: AN EMERGING FIELD OF RESEARCH AND ITS PROSPECTS	RES POLICY	1029	128.62500
1	KÖHLER J;GEELS FW;KERN…	2019	AN AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS RESEARCH: STATE OF THE ART AND …	ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS	122	122.00000
32	SHOVE E	2010	BEYOND THE ABC: CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY AND THEORIES OF SOCIAL CHANGE	ENVIRON PLANN A	1088	108.80000
50	GEELS FW	2004	FROM SECTORAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION TO SOCIO-TECHNICAL SYSTEMS: INSIGHTS…	RES POLICY	1465	91.56250
43	HEKKERT MP;SUURS RAA;N…	2007	FUNCTIONS OF INNOVATION SYSTEMS: A NEW APPROACH FOR ANALYSING TECHNOLOGI…	TECHNOL FORECAST SOC CHANGE	1039	79.92308
23	SMITH A;RAVEN R	2012	WHAT IS PROTECTIVE SPACE? RECONSIDERING NICHES IN TRANSITIONS TO SUSTAIN…	RES POLICY	638	79.75000
42	BERGEK A;JACOBSSON S;C…	2008	ANALYZING THE FUNCTIONAL DYNAMICS OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS: A…	RES POLICY	824	68.66667
49	SMITH A;STIRLING A;BER…	2005	THE GOVERNANCE OF SUSTAINABLE SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITIONS	RES POLICY	1023	68.20000
40	SCHOT J;GEELS FW	2008	STRATEGIC NICHE MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION JOURNEYS: THEORY, …	TECHNOL ANAL STRATEG MANAGE	787	65.58333
35	GEELS FW	2010	ONTOLOGIES, SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITIONS (TO SUSTAINABILITY), AND THE MUL…	RES POLICY	639	63.90000
3	SCHOT J;STEINMUELLER WE	2018	THREE FRAMES FOR INNOVATION POLICY: R&D, SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION AND TRANS…	RES POLICY	124	62.00000
38	LOORBACH D	2010	TRANSITION MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A PRESCRIPTIVE, COMPL…	GOVERNANCE	612	61.20000
54	KEMP R;SCHOT J;HOOGMA R	1998	REGIME SHIFTS TO SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH PROCESSES OF NICHE FORMATION: TH…	TECHNOL ANAL STRATEG MANAGE	1344	61.09091
12	KIVIMAA P;KERN F	2016	CREATIVE DESTRUCTION OR MERE NICHE SUPPORT? INNOVATION POLICY MIXES FOR …	RES POLICY	242	60.50000
9	GEELS FW;KERN F;FUCHS …	2016	THE ENACTMENT OF SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS: A REFORMULATED TYP…	RES POLICY	236	59.00000
11	SOVACOOL BK	2016	HOW LONG WILL IT TAKE? CONCEPTUALIZING THE TEMPORAL DYNAMICS OF ENERGY T…	ENERGY RES SOC SCI	235	58.75000
26	COENEN L;BENNEWORTH P;…	2012	TOWARD A SPATIAL PERSPECTIVE ON SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS	RES POLICY	469	58.62500
2	KIVIMAA P;BOON W;HYYSA…	2019	TOWARDS A TYPOLOGY OF INTERMEDIARIES IN SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: A SY…	RES POLICY	57	57.00000
21	BULKELEY H;CASTÁN BROTO V	2013	GOVERNMENT BY EXPERIMENT? GLOBAL CITIES AND THE GOVERNING OF CLIMATE CHANGE	TRANS INST BR GEOGR	397	56.71429
8	ROGGE KS;REICHARDT K	2016	POLICY MIXES FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: AN EXTENDED CONCEPT AND FRA…	RES POLICY	224	56.00000
27	SEYFANG G;HAXELTINE A	2012	GROWING GRASSROOTS INNOVATIONS: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY-BASED IN…	ENVIRON PLANN C GOV POLICY	396	49.50000
51	GARUD R;KARNØE P	2003	BRICOLAGE VERSUS BREAKTHROUGH: DISTRIBUTED AND EMBEDDED AGENCY IN TECHNO…	RES POLICY	813	47.82353
41	MARKARD J;TRUFFER B	2008	TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS AND THE MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE: TOWARD…	RES POLICY	546	45.50000
22	GEELS FW	2012	A SOCIO-TECHNICAL ANALYSIS OF LOW-CARBON TRANSITIONS: INTRODUCING THE MU…	J TRANSP GEOGR	353	44.12500
14	HANSEN T;COENEN L	2015	THE GEOGRAPHY OF SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: REVIEW, SYNTHESIS AND REFLE…	ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS	219	43.80000
4	CHERP A;VINICHENKO V;J…	2018	INTEGRATING TECHNO-ECONOMIC, SOCIO-TECHNICAL AND POLITICAL PERSPECTIVES …	ENERGY RES SOC SCI	86	43.00000
47	JACOBSSON S;LAUBER V	2006	THE POLITICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION - EXPLAINING THE…	ENERGY POLICY	576	41.14286
34	SHOVE E;WALKER G	2010	GOVERNING TRANSITIONS IN THE SUSTAINABILITY OF EVERYDAY LIFE	RES POLICY	408	40.80000
18	FUENFSCHILLING L;TRUFF…	2014	THE STRUCTURATION OF SOCIO-TECHNICAL REGIMES - CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS FR…	RES POLICY	238	39.66667
33	HODSON M;MARVIN S	2010	CAN CITIES SHAPE SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITIONS AND HOW WOULD WE KNOW IF TH…	RES POLICY	387	38.70000
48	GEELS FW	2005	TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AND SYSTEM INNOVATIONS: A CO-EVOLUTIONARY AND …	TECHNOL TRANS AND SYSTEM INNOVA: A CO-EVOL AND SOCIO-TECH ANAL	577	38.46667
39	MEADOWCROFT J	2009	WHAT ABOUT THE POLITICS? SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TRANSITION MANAGEMENT,…	POLICY SCI	423	38.45455
17	STIRLING A	2014	TRANSFORMING POWER: SOCIAL SCIENCE AND THE POLITICS OF ENERGY CHOICES	ENERGY RES SOC SCI	222	37.00000
24	WEBER KM;ROHRACHER H	2012	LEGITIMIZING RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION POLICIES FOR TRANSFORMA…	RES POLICY	291	36.37500
20	NEVENS F;FRANTZESKAKI …	2013	URBAN TRANSITION LABS: CO-CREATING TRANSFORMATIVE ACTION FOR SUSTAINABLE…	J CLEAN PROD	248	35.42857
37	SMITH A;STIRLING A	2010	THE POLITICS OF SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE SOCIO-TECHN…	ECOL SOC	335	33.50000
5	LUEDERITZ C;SCHÄPKE N;…	2017	LEARNING THROUGH EVALUATION – A TENTATIVE EVALUATIVE SCHEME FOR SUSTAINA…	J CLEAN PROD	100	33.33333
15	TURNHEIM B;BERKHOUT F;…	2015	EVALUATING SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS PATHWAYS: BRIDGING ANALYTICAL APPR…	GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE	166	33.20000
6	PATTERSON J;SCHULZ K;V…	2017	EXPLORING THE GOVERNANCE AND POLITICS OF TRANSFORMATIONS TOWARDS SUSTAIN…	ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS	99	33.00000
19	HARGREAVES T;HIELSCHER…	2013	GRASSROOTS INNOVATIONS IN COMMUNITY ENERGY: THE ROLE OF INTERMEDIARIES I…	GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE	227	32.42857
29	TRUFFER B;COENEN L	2012	ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS IN REGIONAL STUDIES	REG STUD	258	32.25000
7	AVELINO F;WITTMAYER JM	2016	SHIFTING POWER RELATIONS IN SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: A MULTI-ACTOR PE…	J ENVIRON POLICY PLANN	122	30.50000
28	LAWHON M;MURPHY JT	2012	SOCIO-TECHNICAL REGIMES AND SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: INSIGHTS FROM PO…	PROG HUM GEOGR	240	30.00000
36	LOORBACH D;ROTMANS J	2010	THE PRACTICE OF TRANSITION MANAGEMENT: EXAMPLES AND LESSONS FROM FOUR DI…	FUTURES	300	30.00000
45	VERBONG G;GEELS F	2007	THE ONGOING ENERGY TRANSITION: LESSONS FROM A SOCIO-TECHNICAL, MULTI-LEV…	ENERGY POLICY	388	29.84615
31	MEADOWCROFT J	2011	ENGAGING WITH THE POLITICS OF SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS	ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS	251	27.88889
16	SEYFANG G;HIELSCHER S;…	2014	A GRASSROOTS SUSTAINABLE ENERGY NICHE? REFLECTIONS ON COMMUNITY ENERGY I…	ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS	167	27.83333
13	SMITH A;HARGREAVES T;H…	2016	MAKING THE MOST OF COMMUNITY ENERGIES: THREE PERSPECTIVES ON GRASSROOTS …	ENVIRON PLANN A	111	27.75000
46	KEMP R;LOORBACH D;ROTM…	2007	TRANSITION MANAGEMENT AS A MODEL FOR MANAGING PROCESSES OF CO-EVOLUTION …	INT J SUSTAINABLE DEV WORLD ECOL	357	27.46154
10	RAVEN R;KERN F;VERHEES…	2016	NICHE CONSTRUCTION AND EMPOWERMENT THROUGH SOCIO-POLITICAL WORK. A META-…	ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS	108	27.00000
53	JACOBSSON S;JOHNSON A	2000	THE DIFFUSION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY: AN ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK AN…	ENERGY POLICY	536	26.80000
30	WÜSTENHAGEN R;MENICHET…	2012	STRATEGIC CHOICES FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY INVESTMENT: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK …	ENERGY POLICY	210	26.25000

1.2.2 Seep papers and corpus size

Generally, 50 x 1000 = 50.000 documents downloaded. However, due to an overlap of publications with most shared references to seed papers, final corpus is smaller.

2 General Overview over the ST and surrounding fields

2.1 Main Indicators: Publications, Authors, Countries

To start with, a general overview over the documents in the corpus

## 
## 
## MAIN INFORMATION ABOUT DATA
## 
##  Timespan                              1998 : 2020 
##  Sources (Journals, Books, etc)        1465 
##  Documents                             9063 
##  Average years from publication        7.58 
##  Average citations per documents       46.91 
##  Average citations per year per doc    4.702 
##  References                            475918 
##  
## DOCUMENT TYPES                     
##  article      9063 
##  
## DOCUMENT CONTENTS
##  Keywords Plus (ID)                    12999 
##  Author's Keywords (DE)                15440 
##  
## AUTHORS
##  Authors                               13661 
##  Author Appearances                    22719 
##  Authors of single-authored documents  1977 
##  Authors of multi-authored documents   11684 
##  
## AUTHORS COLLABORATION
##  Single-authored documents             2623 
##  Documents per Author                  0.663 
##  Authors per Document                  1.51 
##  Co-Authors per Documents              2.51 
##  Collaboration Index                   1.81 
##  
## 
## Annual Scientific Production
## 
##  Year    Articles
##     1998      100
##     1999      100
##     2000      122
##     2001      126
##     2002      133
##     2003      171
##     2004      178
##     2005      178
##     2006      235
##     2007      284
##     2008      312
##     2009      381
##     2010      459
##     2011      536
##     2012      621
##     2013      642
##     2014      686
##     2015      712
##     2016      697
##     2017      758
##     2018      762
##     2019      656
##     2020      214
## 
## Annual Percentage Growth Rate 3.5187 
## 
## 
## Most Productive Authors
## 
##    Authors        Articles   Authors        Articles Fractionalized
## 1  GEELS FW             53 GEELS FW                            31.5
## 2  HEKKERT MP           43 WONGLIMPIYARAT J                    21.5
## 3  SOVACOOL BK          37 LEYDESDORFF L                       20.3
## 4  TRUFFER B            35 SOVACOOL BK                         18.6
## 5  LEYDESDORFF L        34 NELSON RR                           15.0
## 6  RAVEN R              34 SMITH A                             14.5
## 7  FRANTZESKAKI N       33 HEKKERT MP                          13.7
## 8  BULKELEY H           32 BULKELEY H                          13.4
## 9  COENEN L             32 TRUFFER B                           13.2
## 10 SMITH A              32 KEMP R                              12.7
## 
## 
## Top manuscripts per citations
## 
##                          Paper            TC TCperYear
## 1  SHANE S, 2000, ACAD MANAGE REV       5320       253
## 2  ETZKOWITZ H, 2000, RES POLICY        2860       136
## 3  LAURSEN K, 2006, STRATEGIC MANAGE J  2654       177
## 4  ORLIKOWSKI WJ, 2000, ORGAN SCI       2425       115
## 5  BATHELT H, 2004, PROG HUM GEOGR      2393       141
## 6  GEELS FW, 2002, RES POLICY           2345       123
## 7  SHANE S, 2000, ORGAN SCI             2116       101
## 8  SARASVATHY SD, 2001, ACAD MANAGE REV 2058       103
## 9  BENNER MJ, 2003, ACAD MANAGE REV     2054       114
## 10 GEELS FW, 2007, RES POLICY           1841       132
## 
## 
## Corresponding Author's Countries
## 
##           Country Articles   Freq SCP MCP MCP_Ratio
## 1  UNITED KINGDOM     1168 0.1870 956 212     0.182
## 2  USA                 776 0.1243 654 122     0.157
## 3  NETHERLANDS         729 0.1167 552 177     0.243
## 4  GERMANY             432 0.0692 309 123     0.285
## 5  SWEDEN              336 0.0538 247  89     0.265
## 6  ITALY               269 0.0431 202  67     0.249
## 7  AUSTRALIA           235 0.0376 177  58     0.247
## 8  CANADA              235 0.0376 174  61     0.260
## 9  NORWAY              180 0.0288 141  39     0.217
## 10 DENMARK             178 0.0285 132  46     0.258
## 
## 
## SCP: Single Country Publications
## 
## MCP: Multiple Country Publications
## 
## 
## Total Citations per Country
## 
##      Country      Total Citations Average Article Citations
## 1  USA                      80302                    103.48
## 2  UNITED KINGDOM           75876                     64.96
## 3  NETHERLANDS              42815                     58.73
## 4  SWEDEN                   20253                     60.28
## 5  GERMANY                  19681                     45.56
## 6  CANADA                   14551                     61.92
## 7  ITALY                    11123                     41.35
## 8  DENMARK                   9556                     53.69
## 9  AUSTRALIA                 9555                     40.66
## 10 SPAIN                     7965                     50.73
## 
## 
## Most Relevant Sources
## 
##                                       Sources        Articles
## 1  ENERGY POLICY                                          424
## 2  RESEARCH POLICY                                        362
## 3  TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE            316
## 4  ENERGY RESEARCH AND SOCIAL SCIENCE                     260
## 5  JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION                          228
## 6  SUSTAINABILITY (SWITZERLAND)                           214
## 7  ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS      199
## 8  ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY                                    171
## 9  EUROPEAN PLANNING STUDIES                              164
## 10 TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT           150
## 
## 
## Most Relevant Keywords
## 
##     Author Keywords (DE)      Articles    Keywords-Plus (ID)     Articles
## 1  INNOVATION                      651 INNOVATION                    1688
## 2  SUSTAINABILITY                  375 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT        890
## 3  CLIMATE CHANGE                  348 SUSTAINABILITY                 867
## 4  GOVERNANCE                      309 CLIMATE CHANGE                 836
## 5  RENEWABLE ENERGY                270 ENERGY POLICY                  706
## 6  SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS      220 GOVERNANCE APPROACH            649
## 7  RESILIENCE                      194 UNITED KINGDOM                 490
## 8  SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT         163 TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT      485
## 9  TRANSITION                      161 EUROPE                         452
## 10 ENERGY TRANSITION               158 DECISION MAKING                389

2.2 Cited references

Top 20 cited references:

CR	n
GEELS, F.W., TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE AND A CASE-STUDY (2002) RES. POLICY, 31, PP. 1257-1274	211
GEELS, F.W., SCHOT, J., TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) RES. POLICY, 36, PP. 399-417	206
UNRUH, G.C., UNDERSTANDING CARBON LOCK-IN (2000) ENERGY POLICY, 28, PP. 817-830	171
ROTMANS, J., KEMP, R., VAN ASSELT, M., MORE EVOLUTION THAN REVOLUTION: TRANSITION MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC POLICY (2001) FORESIGHT, 3 (1), PP. 15-31	169
MARKARD, J., RAVEN, R., TRUFFER, B., SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: AN EMERGING FIELD OF RESEARCH AND ITS PROSPECTS (2012) RES. POLICY, 41, PP. 955-967	164
COHEN, W.M., LEVINTHAL, D.A., ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY: A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON LEARNING AND INNOVATION (1990) ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCE QUARTERLY, 35, PP. 128-152	151
DOSI, G., TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGMS AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRAJECTORIES (1982) RESEARCH POLICY, 11, PP. 147-162	147
GEELS, F.W., TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE AND A CASE-STUDY (2002) RESEARCH POLICY, 31, PP. 1257-1274	138
GEELS, F.W., TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE AND A CASE-STUDY (2002) RESEARCH POLICY, 31 (8-9), PP. 1257-1274	118
WARDE, A., CONSUMPTION AND THEORIES OF PRACTICE (2005) JOURNAL OF CONSUMER CULTURE, 5 (2), PP. 131-153	114
ROTMANS, J., KEMP, R., VAN ASSELT, M., MORE EVOLUTION THAN REVOLUTION: TRANSITION MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC POLICY (2001) FORESIGHT, 3, PP. 15-31	112
SMITH, A., RAVEN, R., WHAT IS PROTECTIVE SPACE? RECONSIDERING NICHES IN TRANSITIONS TO SUSTAINABILITY (2012) RES. POLICY, 41, PP. 1025-1036	111
UNRUH, G.C., UNDERSTANDING CARBON LOCK-IN (2000) ENERGY POLICY, 28 (12), PP. 817-830	111
DOSI, G., TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGMS AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRAJECTORIES: A SUGGESTED INTERPRETATION OF THE DETERMINANTS AND DIRECTIONS OF TECHNICAL CHANGE (1982) RESEARCH POLICY, 11, PP. 147-162	109
GEELS, F.W., SCHOT, J., TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) RESEARCH POLICY, 36, PP. 399-417	108
BATHELT, H., MALMBERG, A., MASKELL, P., CLUSTERS AND KNOWLEDGE: LOCAL BUZZ, GLOBAL PIPELINES AND THE PROCESS OF KNOWLEDGE CREATION (2004) PROGRESS IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 28, PP. 31-56	107
GEELS, F.W., SCHOT, J., TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) RESEARCH POLICY, 36 (3), PP. 399-417	107
TUSHMAN, M.L., ANDERSON, P., TECHNOLOGICAL DISCONTINUITIES AND ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS (1986) ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCE QUARTERLY, 31, PP. 439-465	106
GEELS, F.W., SCHOT, J., TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) RES. POLICY, 36 (3), PP. 399-417	105
BATHELT, H., MALMBERG, A., MASKELL, P., CLUSTERS AND KNOWLEDGE: LOCAL BUZZ, GLOBAL PIPELINES AND THE PROCESS OF KNOWLEDGE CREATION (2004) PROGRESS IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 28 (1), PP. 31-56	102

2.3 Conceptual trajectories: Historical citation path analysis

## 
##  Legend
## 
##                                                                 Label Year LCS  GCS
## 1   KÖHLER J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2019  33  122
## 2                                           SCHOT J, 2018, RES POLICY 2018  25  124
## 3                                           SCHOT J, 2018, RES POLICY 2018  23   46
## 4                                     LUEDERITZ C, 2017, J CLEAN PROD 2017  10  100
## 5                             AVELINO F, 2016, J ENVIRON POLICY PLANN 2016  43  122
## 6                             AVELINO F, 2016, J ENVIRON POLICY PLANN 2016  37   84
## 7                               SOVACOOL BK, 2016, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2016  72  235
## 8                               SOVACOOL BK, 2016, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2016  25   61
## 9   HANSEN T, 2015, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2015 110  219
## 10                                        MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY 2012 501 1029
## 11                                         COENEN L, 2012, RES POLICY 2012 227  469
## 12                                          TRUFFER B, 2012, REG STUD 2012 129  258
## 13                                 FASTENRATH S, 2018, SUSTAINABILITY 2018   2    5
## 14                                     EDMONDSON DL, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   3   26
## 15                             WIECZOREK AJ, 2018, ENVIRON SCI POLICY 2018  11   30
## 16                                  SCHLAILE MP, 2017, SUSTAINABILITY 2017   7   32
## 17 TORRENS J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2019   2    4
## 18                                          RAKAS M, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   2    3
## 19                                 ROGGE KS, 2017, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2017  21   68
## 20                                 ROGGE KS, 2017, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2017  13   27
## 21                                           BINZ C, 2017, RES POLICY 2017  29   81
## 22                                   ZOLFAGHARIAN M, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   0    2
## 23 GRANDIN J, 2020, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2020   0    1
## 24                                      STRAMBACH S, 2020, RES POLICY 2020   0    1
## 25                                     TURNHEIM B, 2019, RES POLICY-a   NA  NA   NA
## 26                                PILLONI M, 2020, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2020   0    2
## 27   GOYAL N, 2020, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2020   0    1

## IGRAPH 5cf08d6 DN-- 23 56 -- 
## + attr: name (v/c), id (v/c), size (v/n), years (v/n), color (e/c)
## + edges from 5cf08d6 (vertex names):
## [1] KÖHLER J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS->ZOLFAGHARIAN M, 2019, RES POLICY                                  
## [2] KÖHLER J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS->GRANDIN J, 2020, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS
## [3] KÖHLER J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS->STRAMBACH S, 2020, RES POLICY                                     
## [4] SCHOT J, 2018, RES POLICY                                        ->GRANDIN J, 2020, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS
## [5] SCHOT J, 2018, RES POLICY                                        ->TURNHEIM B, 2019, RES POLICY-a                                    
## [6] LUEDERITZ C, 2017, J CLEAN PROD                                  ->KÖHLER J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 
## + ... omitted several edges

2.3.1 Authors, Themes & Journals

3 Topic modelling

I by now created some topic modelling. The results are now more fine-tuned, but there is still room for some improvement. We ran a LDA on the titles + abstracts of our corpus, aiming at identifying 10 topics (some different numbers of topics to generate shows that 10 result in good results, more topics lead to too much overlap between them)

3.1 Topics by topwords

This might still be finetuned, but initially doesnt look that bad I think. All the topics for me seem to be somewhat identifiable. We should maybe start naming them to make their interpretation later easier.

3.2 Topics over time

3.3 LDAViz

Here you find a nice way of exploring topics via the LDAVIz methodology of visulizing the result of an LDA. It dispolays all topics in a 2 dimensional TSNE (similar to PCA, but optimized for graphical illustration in 2d), and also gives a nice visual representation over the topics top-word distribution and overall frequencies of this words in the corpus. The \(\lambda\) parameter regulates the importance-ordering of the topwords. High \(\lambda\) order words by the highest propability to appear in the topic to the lowest (independent of the overall word popularity in the corpus), whle low \(\lambda\) emphasize words which are very specific to the topic, and rarely appear in others.

Play a bit around. Since it would be here a bit condensed, better check it out HERE in fullscreen for a better overview.

4 Knowledge Bases: Co-Citation network analysis

Note: This analysis refers the co-citation analysis, where the cited references and not the original publications are the unit of analysis. See tab Technical descriptionfor additional explanations

4.1 Knowledge Bases summary

4.1.1 Main Indicators

In order to partition networks into components or clusters, we deploy a community detection technique based on the Lovain Algorithm (Blondel et al., 2008). The Lovain Algorithm is a heuristic method that attempts to optimize the modularity of communities within a network by maximizing within- and minimizing between-community connectivity. We identify the following communities = knowledge bases.

It is not the main focus of this exercise, but still informative to see which historical knowledge the fields draws from.

NOTE: Up to now I only report the most central members per community

com	name	dgr_int	dgr
1	GEELS F.W. TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A MULTI-LEVEL PER…	10736	13702
1	GEELS F.W. SCHOT J. TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007)	9064	11102
1	KEMP R. SCHOT J. HOOGMA R. REGIME SHIFTS TO SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH PROCESSES OF NICHE FORMATION: …	8431	10546
1	MARKARD J. RAVEN R. TRUFFER B. SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: AN EMERGING FIELD OF RESEARCH AND ITS …	8138	9636
1	RIP A. KEMP R. TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE (1998)	7234	9447
1	SMITH A. STIRLING A. BERKHOUT F. THE GOVERNANCE OF SUSTAINABLE SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITIONS (2005)	6386	7717
1	SMITH A. RAVEN R. WHAT IS PROTECTIVE SPACE? RECONSIDERING NICHES IN TRANSITIONS TO SUSTAINABILITY…	5846	6558
1	GEELS F.W. THE MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE ON SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: RESPONSES TO SEVEN CRITICIS…	5178	5736
1	BERGEK A. JACOBSSON S. CARLSSON B. LINDMARK S. RICKNE A. ANALYZING THE FUNCTIONAL DYNAMICS OF TEC…	4745	6550
1	GEELS F.W. FROM SECTORAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION TO SOCIO-TECHNICAL SYSTEMS: INSIGHTS ABOUT DYNAMIC…	4539	5466
2	NELSON R.R. WINTER S.G. (1982)	8266	13836
2	TUSHMAN M.L. ANDERSON P. TECHNOLOGICAL DISCONTINUITIES AND ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS (1986)	4125	4645
2	SCHUMPETER J.A. (1934)	3691	4817
2	HENDERSON R.M. CLARK K.B. ARCHITECTURAL INNOVATION: THE RECONFIGURATION OF EXISTING PRODUCT TECHN…	3673	4135
2	COHEN W.M. LEVINTHAL D.A. ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY: A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON LEARNING AND INNOVATION (1990)	3600	6536
2	TEECE D.J. PISANO G. SHUEN A. DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES AND STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT (1997)	3194	3897
2	CHRISTENSEN C.M. (1997)	3121	3544
2	NELSON R. WINTER S. (1982)	2997	5515
2	DOSI G. TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGMS AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRAJECTORIES: A SUGGESTED INTERPRETATION OF THE…	2850	5095
2	DOSI G. TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGMS AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRAJECTORIES (1982)	2826	4901
3	BATHELT H. MALMBERG A. MASKELL P. CLUSTERS AND KNOWLEDGE: LOCAL BUZZ GLOBAL PIPELINES AND THE PRO…	4290	5417
3	STORPER M. (1997)	2955	4070
3	MARTIN R. SUNLEY P. PATH DEPENDENCE AND REGIONAL ECONOMIC EVOLUTION (2006)	2521	3226
3	BOSCHMA R. PROXIMITY AND INNOVATION: A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT (2005)	2128	2825
3	MORGAN K. THE LEARNING REGION: INSTITUTIONS INNOVATION AND REGIONAL RENEWAL (1997)	1959	2565
3	SAXENIAN A. (1994)	1959	3502
3	FRENKEN K. VAN OORT F. VERBURG T. RELATED VARIETY UNRELATED VARIETY AND REGIONAL ECONOMIC GROWTH …	1944	2298
3	MASKELL P. MALMBERG A. LOCALISED LEARNING AND INDUSTRIAL COMPETITIVENESS (1999)	1801	2418
3	COOKE P. MORGAN K. (1998)	1752	2373
3	NEFFKE F. HENNING M. BOSCHMA R. HOW DO REGIONS DIVERSIFY OVER TIME? INDUSTRY RELATEDNESS AND THE …	1462	1806
4	FREEMAN C. (1987)	3213	6946
4	NELSON R.R. (1993)	2385	5579
4	EDQUIST C. (1997)	2282	4857
4	NELSON R. (1993)	1674	3201
4	LUNDVALL B.A. (1992)	1327	2899
4	MALERBA F. SECTORAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION AND PRODUCTION (2002)	1220	4407
4	PAVITT K. SECTORAL PATTERNS OF TECHNICAL CHANGE: TOWARDS A TAXONOMY AND A THEORY (1984)	1171	3300
4	LUNDVALL B.-A. (1992)	1027	2783
4	PORTER M. (1990)	919	2562
4	KLINE S.J. ROSENBERG N. AN OVERVIEW OF INNOVATION (1986)	788	2110
5	WARDE A. CONSUMPTION AND THEORIES OF PRACTICE (2005)	2595	2919
5	SHOVE E. (2003)	2034	2498
5	RECKWITZ A. TOWARD A THEORY OF SOCIAL PRACTICES: A DEVELOPMENT IN CULTURALIST THEORIZING (2002)	2032	2386
5	GIDDENS A. (1984)	1927	5063
5	SHOVE E. BEYOND THE ABC: CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY AND THEORIES OF SOCIAL CHANGE (2010)	1754	2272
5	SHOVE E. PANTZAR M. WATSON M. (2012)	1690	2024
5	SCHATZKI T.R. (2002)	920	993
5	SCHATZKI T.R. (1996)	871	940
5	BOURDIEU P. (1977)	838	1092
5	SHOVE E. PANTZAR M. CONSUMERS PRODUCERS AND PRACTICES: UNDERSTANDING THE INVENTION AND REINVENTIO…	817	921
6	FOLKE C. HAHN T. OLSSON P. NORBERG J. ADAPTIVE GOVERNANCE OF SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS (2005)	2828	3558
6	FOLKE C. RESILIENCE: THE EMERGENCE OF A PERSPECTIVE FOR SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS ANALYSES (2006)	1861	2121
6	GUNDERSON L.H. HOLLING C.S. (2002)	1635	1950
6	HOLLING C.S. RESILIENCE AND STABILITY OF ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS (1973)	1632	1851
6	WALKER B. HOLLING C.S. CARPENTER S.R. KINZIG A. RESILIENCE ADAPTABILITY AND TRANSFORMABILITY IN S…	1368	1542
6	OSTROM E. (1990)	1357	1746
6	FOLKE C. CARPENTER S.R. WALKER B. SCHEFFER M. CHAPIN T. ROCKSTRÖM J. RESILIENCE THINKING: INTEGRA…	1322	1513
6	OSTROM E. A DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH FOR GOING BEYOND PANACEAS (2007)	1318	1437
6	OSTROM E. A GENERAL FRAMEWORK FOR ANALYZING SUSTAINABILITY OF SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS (2009)	1280	1406
6	BERKES F. COLDING J. FOLKE C. (2003)	1280	1364
7	ROBBINS P. (2004)	746	901
7	BLAIKIE P. BROOKFIELD H. (1987)	596	728
7	FORSYTH T. (2003)	584	756
7	BULKELEY H. CITIES AND THE GOVERNING OF CLIMATE CHANGE (2010)	544	929
7	BLAIKIE P. (1985)	482	576
7	BULKELEY H. RECONFIGURING ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE: TOWARDS A POLITICS OF SCALES AND NETWORKS (2005)	455	914
7	SWYNGEDOUW E. (2004)	412	447
7	BULKELEY H. KERN K. LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND THE GOVERNING OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN GERMANY AND THE UK (2…	398	718
7	HARVEY D. (1996)	366	426
7	BETSILL M. BULKELEY H. LOOKING BACK AND THINKING AHEAD: A DECADE OF CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE RES…	317	462

4.1.2 Development of Knowledge Bases

4.2 Technical description

In a co-cittion network, the strength of the relationship between a reference pair \(m\) and \(n\) (\(s_{m,n}^{coc}\)) is expressed by the number of publications \(C\) which are jointly citing reference \(m\) and \(n\).

\[s_{m,n}^{coc} = \sum_i c_{i,m} c_{i,n}\]

The intuition here is that references which are frequently cited together are likely to share commonalities in theory, topic, methodology, or context. It can be interpreted as a measure of similarity as evaluated by other researchers that decide to jointly cite both references. Because the publication process is time-consuming, co-citation is a backward-looking measure, which is appropriate to map the relationship between core literature of a field.

5 Research Areas: Bibliographic coupling analysis

This is arguably the more interesting part. Here, we identify the literature’s current knowledge frontier by carrying out a bibliographic coupling analysis of the publications in our corpus. This measure uses bibliographical information of publications to establish a similarity relationship between them. Again, method details to be found in the tab Technical description. As you will see, we identify the more narrow research community of Sustainability Transitions (in which we will zoom in later), but also a set of adjacent research areas with some theoretical/methodological/application overlap.

5.1 Research Areas main summary

5.1.1 Main Characteristics

To identify communities in the field’s knowledge frontier (labeled research areas) we again use the Lovain Algorithm (Blondel et al., 2008). We identify the following communities = research areas.

5.1.2 Categorization

I up to now gain only provide the 10 most central articles, which can be used to classify them

com	AU	PY	TI	J9	dgr_int	TC	TC_year
1	BENNER MJ;TUSHMAN ML	2003	EXPLOITATION, EXPLORATION, AND PROCESS MANAGEMENT: THE PRODUCTIVITY DILEMMA REVISITED	ACAD MANAGE REV	1084	2054	120.82353
1	BATHELT H;MALMBERG A;M…	2004	CLUSTERS AND KNOWLEDGE: LOCAL BUZZ, GLOBAL PIPELINES AND THE PROCESS OF KNOWLEDGE CREATION	PROG HUM GEOGR	833	2393	149.56250
1	LAURSEN K;SALTER A	2006	OPEN FOR INNOVATION: THE ROLE OF OPENNESS IN EXPLAINING INNOVATION PERFORMANCE AMONG U.K. MANUFAC…	STRATEGIC MANAGE J	574	2654	189.57143
1	ROSENKOPF L;NERKAR A	2001	BEYOND LOCAL SEARCH: BOUNDARY-SPANNING, EXPLORATION, AND IMPACT IN THE OPTICAL DISK INDUSTRY	STRATEGIC MANAGE J	1074	1267	66.68421
1	SHANE S;VENKATARAMAN S	2000	THE PROMISE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AS A FIELD OF RESEARCH	ACAD MANAGE REV	251	5320	266.00000
1	MALERBA F	2002	SECTORAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION AND PRODUCTION	RES POLICY	1046	1110	61.66667
1	TÖDTLING F;TRIPPL M	2005	ONE SIZE FITS ALL?: TOWARDS A DIFFERENTIATED REGIONAL INNOVATION POLICY APPROACH	RES POLICY	1163	944	62.93333
1	ETZKOWITZ H;LEYDESDORFF L	2000	THE DYNAMICS OF INNOVATION: FROM NATIONAL SYSTEMS AND "“MODE 2”" TO A TRIPLE HELIX OF UNIVERSITY-…	RES POLICY	310	2860	143.00000
1	BAKER T;NELSON RE	2005	CREATING SOMETHING FROM NOTHING: RESOURCE CONSTRUCTION THROUGH ENTREPRENEURIAL BRICOLAGE	ADM SCI Q	641	1372	91.46667
1	GARUD R;KARNØE P	2003	BRICOLAGE VERSUS BREAKTHROUGH: DISTRIBUTED AND EMBEDDED AGENCY IN TECHNOLOGY ENTREPRENEURSHIP	RES POLICY	1058	813	47.82353
2	STIRLING A	2008	"“OPENING UP”" AND "“CLOSING DOWN”": POWER, PARTICIPATION, AND PLURALISM IN THE SOCIAL APPRAISAL …	SCI TECHNOL HUM VALUES	3463	716	59.66667
2	SHOVE E	2010	BEYOND THE ABC: CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY AND THEORIES OF SOCIAL CHANGE	ENVIRON PLANN A	1445	1088	108.80000
2	LORENZONI I;NICHOLSON-…	2007	BARRIERS PERCEIVED TO ENGAGING WITH CLIMATE CHANGE AMONG THE UK PUBLIC AND THEIR POLICY IMPLICATIONS	GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE	1691	924	71.07692
2	CARRILLO-HERMOSILLA J;…	2010	DIVERSITY OF ECO-INNOVATIONS: REFLECTIONS FROM SELECTED CASE STUDIES	J CLEAN PROD	3533	353	35.30000
2	MILLER F;OSBAHR H;BOYD…	2010	RESILIENCE AND VULNERABILITY: COMPLEMENTARY OR CONFLICTING CONCEPTS?	ECOL SOC	3117	374	37.40000
2	JORDAN A	2008	THE GOVERNANCE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: TAKING STOCK AND LOOKING FORWARDS	ENVIRON PLANN C GOV POLICY	3752	285	23.75000
2	HARGREAVES T	2011	PRACTICE-ING BEHAVIOUR CHANGE: APPLYING SOCIAL PRACTICE THEORY TO PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOUR CHANGE	J CONSUM CULT	2557	381	42.33333
2	TOMPKINS EL;ADGER WN;B…	2010	OBSERVED ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE: UK EVIDENCE OF TRANSITION TO A WELL-ADAPTING SOCIETY	GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE	3901	229	22.90000
2	PECK J;THEODORE N	2007	VARIEGATED CAPITALISM	PROG HUM GEOGR	2017	426	32.76923
2	STIRLING A	2014	TRANSFORMING POWER: SOCIAL SCIENCE AND THE POLITICS OF ENERGY CHOICES	ENERGY RES SOC SCI	3849	222	37.00000
3	MARKARD J;RAVEN R;TRUF…	2012	SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: AN EMERGING FIELD OF RESEARCH AND ITS PROSPECTS	RES POLICY	7456	1029	128.62500
3	GEELS FW;SCHOT J	2007	TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS	RES POLICY	1569	1841	141.61538
3	GEELS FW	2004	FROM SECTORAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION TO SOCIO-TECHNICAL SYSTEMS: INSIGHTS ABOUT DYNAMICS AND CHANG…	RES POLICY	1624	1465	91.56250
3	SCHOT J;GEELS FW	2008	STRATEGIC NICHE MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION JOURNEYS: THEORY, FINDINGS, RESEARCH AGENDA…	TECHNOL ANAL STRATEG MANAGE	1860	787	65.58333
3	MARKARD J;TRUFFER B	2008	TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS AND THE MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE: TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK	RES POLICY	2292	546	45.50000
3	SMITH A;RAVEN R	2012	WHAT IS PROTECTIVE SPACE? RECONSIDERING NICHES IN TRANSITIONS TO SUSTAINABILITY	RES POLICY	1873	638	79.75000
3	COENEN L;BENNEWORTH P;…	2012	TOWARD A SPATIAL PERSPECTIVE ON SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS	RES POLICY	2357	469	58.62500
3	GEELS FW	2010	ONTOLOGIES, SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITIONS (TO SUSTAINABILITY), AND THE MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE	RES POLICY	1718	639	63.90000
3	KIVIMAA P;KERN F	2016	CREATIVE DESTRUCTION OR MERE NICHE SUPPORT? INNOVATION POLICY MIXES FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS	RES POLICY	4233	242	60.50000
3	FUENFSCHILLING L;TRUFF…	2014	THE STRUCTURATION OF SOCIO-TECHNICAL REGIMES - CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS FROM INSTITUTIONAL THEORY	RES POLICY	3917	238	39.66667
4	STILGOE J;OWEN R;MACNA…	2013	DEVELOPING A FRAMEWORK FOR RESPONSIBLE INNOVATION	RES POLICY	2731	718	102.57143
4	ABAS N;KALAIR A;KHAN N	2015	REVIEW OF FOSSIL FUELS AND FUTURE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES	FUTURES	2591	200	40.00000
4	MCGLADE C;EKINS P	2015	THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF FOSSIL FUELS UNUSED WHEN LIMITING GLOBAL WARMING TO 2°C	NATURE	798	626	125.20000
4	SEYFANG G;PARK JJ;SMITH A	2013	A THOUSAND FLOWERS BLOOMING? AN EXAMINATION OF COMMUNITY ENERGY IN THE UK	ENERGY POLICY	2222	222	31.71429
4	BULKELEY H;CASTÁN BROTO V	2013	GOVERNMENT BY EXPERIMENT? GLOBAL CITIES AND THE GOVERNING OF CLIMATE CHANGE	TRANS INST BR GEOGR	1231	397	56.71429
4	CAPELLÁN-PÉREZ I;MEDIA…	2014	FOSSIL FUEL DEPLETION AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC SCENARIOS: AN INTEGRATED APPROACH	ENERGY	4214	102	17.00000
4	CASTÁN BROTO V;BULKELEY H	2013	A SURVEY OF URBAN CLIMATE CHANGE EXPERIMENTS IN 100 CITIES	GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE	1103	380	54.28571
4	ARAÚJO K	2014	THE EMERGING FIELD OF ENERGY TRANSITIONS: PROGRESS, CHALLENGES, AND OPPORTUNITIES	ENERGY RES SOC SCI	3035	137	22.83333
4	LOREK S;SPANGENBERG JH	2014	SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION WITHIN A SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY - BEYOND GREEN GROWTH AND GREEN ECONOMIES	J CLEAN PROD	1964	203	33.83333
4	BRIDGE G;BOUZAROVSKI S…	2013	GEOGRAPHIES OF ENERGY TRANSITION: SPACE, PLACE AND THE LOW-CARBON ECONOMY	ENERGY POLICY	835	421	60.14286
5	NELSON DR;ADGER WN;BRO…	2007	ADAPTATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE: CONTRIBUTIONS OF A RESILIENCE FRAMEWORK	ANNU REV ENVIRON RESOUR	550	971	74.69231
5	PAHL-WOSTL C	2009	A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR ANALYSING ADAPTIVE CAPACITY AND MULTI-LEVEL LEARNING PROCESSES IN RESO…	GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE	413	982	89.27273
5	ENGLE NL	2011	ADAPTIVE CAPACITY AND ITS ASSESSMENT	GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE	869	463	51.44444
5	FOLKE C	2016	RESILIENCE (REPUBLISHED)	ECOL SOC	2927	120	30.00000
5	WALKER B;GUNDERSON L;K…	2006	A HANDFUL OF HEURISTICS AND SOME PROPOSITIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING RESILIENCE IN SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL S…	ECOL SOC	403	709	50.64286
5	FOLKE C;CARPENTER SR;W…	2010	RESILIENCE THINKING: INTEGRATING RESILIENCE, ADAPTABILITY AND TRANSFORMABILITY	ECOL SOC	194	1402	140.20000
5	GALLOPÍN GC	2006	LINKAGES BETWEEN VULNERABILITY, RESILIENCE, AND ADAPTIVE CAPACITY	GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE	204	1198	85.57143
5	CHAFFIN BC;GOSNELL H;C…	2014	A DECADE OF ADAPTIVE GOVERNANCE SCHOLARSHIP: SYNTHESIS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS	ECOL SOC	1061	217	36.16667
5	COTE M;NIGHTINGALE AJ	2012	RESILIENCE THINKING MEETS SOCIAL THEORY: SITUATING SOCIAL CHANGE IN SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS (SES…	PROG HUM GEOGR	451	495	61.87500
5	LANG DJ;WIEK A;BERGMAN…	2012	TRANSDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH IN SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE: PRACTICE, PRINCIPLES, AND CHALLENGES	SUSTAINABILITY SCI	169	869	108.62500

5.1.3 Development

We again see quite some dynamics….

5.1.4 Connectivity between the research areas

5.1.5 Technical description

In a bibliographic coupling network, the coupling-strength between publications is determined by the number of commonly cited references they share, assuming a common pool of references to indicate similarity in context, methods, or theory. Formally, the strength of the relationship between a publication pair \(i\) and \(j\) (\(s_{i,j}^{bib}\)) is expressed by the number of commonly cited references.

\[ s_{i,j}^{bib} = \sum_m c_{i,m} c_{j,m} \]

Since our corpus contains publications which differ strongly in terms of the number of cited references, we normalize the coupling strength by the Jaccard similarity coefficient. Here, we weight the intercept of two publications’ bibliography (shared refeences) by their union (number of all references cited by either \(i\) or \(j\)). It is bounded between zero and one, where one indicates the two publications to have an identical bibliography, and zero that they do not share any cited reference. Thereby, we prevent publications from having high coupling strength due to a large bibliography (e.g., literature surveys).

\[ S_{i,j}^{jac-bib} =\frac{C(i \cap j)}{C(i \cup j)} = \frac{s_{i,j}^{bib}}{c_i + c_j - s_{i,j}^{bib}} \]

More recent articles have a higher pool of possible references to co-cite to, hence they are more likely to be coupled. Consequently, bibliographic coupling represents a forward looking measure, and the method of choice to identify the current knowledge frontier at the point of analysis.

Transitions Bibliometrics 2020

Daniel S. Hain

17 August, 2020